Behind The Name London’s Misty City

In the 19th century, foggy pollution from coal gas caused the deaths of thousands of Londoners, England.
Behind the name London's misty city
During the 19th to the early 20th century, London was famous for the dense fog, which appeared in November. It was the result of air pollution, not the drizzling rain or the sky. winter gray. In Charles Dickens's Bleak House, he describes: "Smoke pouring down from the chimneys, forming a rain of soft soot, big particles like snowflakes"

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A foggy day covered an area in London in 1932. Photo: New York Times.
By 1800, the population of London was about one million people This number increased rapidly and reached the milestone of 2 million in 1830.



Along with the development of canals, railways, the city became an economic center with industries such as paper, printing, chemicals, and gas. burning and skin. Hundreds of people entered the city to find work, leading to the development of the suburbs. In the winter, the houses burn coal fires, blowing sulfur into the air.
The smog of London is mainly caused by smog from coal fires and toxic emissions from factory chimneys. Combined with the humidity of the air in the changing weather day, sulfur has created layers of toxic gas, with a pale yellow color.
When Queen Victoria ascended to the throne in 1837, fog prevented movement, whether on foot or by horse-drawn carriage A 1892 study found that between 1886-1890, London averaged 63 foggy days per year.



On gloomy days, some dodgy kids carry homemade torches, guide gentlemen and ladies around in dark alleyways, collect fees, even loot.
People cover their faces to fight the fog. Photo: Mirror.
Creeping through the crevices of the windows, dirt creates greasy streaks on furniture and clothes. Polluted air enters people's throats and lungs, prompting drivers to spit and rinse their mouths with hard alcohol. The trees were also bare and withered as London's mist enveloped each leaf.
It peaked in December 1952, when the weather suddenly turned cold in the UK, families repeatedly used coal-fired furnaces, causing particles of sulfur and soot to become trapped in the air, mixed with fog, swooping ground. London's vision now seemed to be zero.



Schools and businesses closed, transportation stopped working, even the people of the capital could not see their feet clearly. The severe air pollution phenomenon is known as the Great Mist, causing the deaths of thousands of people across the city.
After a heavy toxic fog, most families in London switched to natural gas and other low-waste fuels. By 1956, the Clean Air Act forced industry, civil and commercial to treat emissions, not using coal as a fuel. However, the law takes many years to take effect. In December 1962, a dense fog appeared again, causing the deaths of 750 people.
Today, the city no longer appears pale yellow clouds and the air smells of rotten eggs. With a long history, culture and rich cuisine, London is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world.




According to Lan Huong / Vnexpress
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