The Underground City Accommodates 20,000 People

Under the 18 floors of the ancient city of Derinkuyu, there are full living spaces in the family such as kitchen, bedroom, bathroom, well, cattle barn and grave of the dead. Derinkuyu is the deepest unearthed underground city in the Cappadocia region, central Anatolia, Turkey. This place is considered a beautiful natural wonder, with unique shaped chimneys and many caves being eroded. The large houses are scattered underground, connected to each other by a system of secret tunnels, which people used to shelter over the centuries. With a depth of about 80 meters and a capacity of up to 20,000 people, the Derinkuyu underground city has enough conditions for residents to hide and survive the constant wars in history

. A series of volcanic eruptions left the Anatolia region inundated with ash and rock. Over time, this ash layer solidifies into soft, stable, and easily carved rocks. This phenomenon made the inhabitants of ancient Anatolia realize that they could chisel their houses on hillsides and underground This is the birthplace of the stone stone complexes in the area, including the city of Derinkuyu.



In 1963, the ancient underground city Derinkuyu was discovered by a household by accident while renovating his house. . When the construction team chiseled a wall, an underground passage was found. After exploration, it was realized that this passage led to a maze deep in the ground. That is the ancient city Derinkuyu. This was also a big discovery at the time: According to the map, Derinkuyu has a total of 18 floors of the complex, of which only 8 floors are freely open, the rest are secret areas. Here, the researchers found full living space in the family such as kitchen, bedroom, bathroom, water well, cattle barn In addition, the underground city has a food storage room, cooking oil and wine room, armory, churches, schools and burial of the dead.



The rooms are divided into areas suitable for each different use. The small room is the burial place of the dead, while the large room is used as a school and community activities, and some scientists also discovered an 8 km long tunnel connecting Derinkuyu with the underground city of Kaymakli. This proves that there have been exchanges and contacts between the various populations of the Anatolia region. Throughout history, Derinkuyu and Anatolia are unstable areas due to constant war. The ancient inhabitants of Cappadocia were the Hattians and then the Hittites (2500 BC) built the area into a thriving trading district by shaking hands with neighboring communities. Then, because of its favorable position as a major trade bridge between Asia and Europe, many tribes and governments both wanted to invade Anatolia leading to a volatile history here for millennia. Complex and solid, Derinkuyu city is a safe haven for ancient inhabitants. The doors are fitted with a rotating stone with a small hole in the middle that can camouflage the entrance and path in emergency situations.



It is thought that this small hole has the effect of facilitating opening and closing doors, or as a point to shoot arrows from the inside out when fighting. The stone door was also designed so that it could only open and close from the inside, so the people inside the complex had complete control over the situation.Each complex floor was connected to the other floors by a corridor with a design. similar stone door design. In addition, the passage is long and very narrow, with just one person walking, increasing safety when fighting the enemy.Cappadocia is an area with extreme weather with very large temperature differences between day and night, season. summer and winter. However, the temperature below the Derinkuyu underground city is always stable around 13 degrees Celsius.



Therefore, it is an ideal environment for livestock, while maintaining a clean water supply and keeping food fresh. Derinkuyu ancient city was opened to tourists in 1969. Up to now, the structure of the monument is still quite intact. However, when did this city come from and who built it, there are still unresolved mysterious questions..

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