Fasciolopsis

Fasciolopsis buski is a large, common flukes parasite in the duodenum of pigs but can sometimes be found in humans as an adult parasite in the small intestine. Like many other parasitic pathogens, they parasitize in the human body and cause the most dangerous complications are gastrointestinal diseases. If not examined by a tapeworm specialist, this disease is easily overlooked and confused with many other gastrointestinal diseases.
BIG SHAPED BODY IN BODY
Adult flukes are leaf-shaped, length of 3cm - 7cm, width from 1.5 - 1

.7cm. The boundary between head and body is not clear, brown or gray. The vacuum sucker has a diameter of about 510μm, the vacuum sucker has a diameter of 1 5 - 2 mm The esophagus has two branches and no anus. The female genitalia has a branched ovary and the uterus occupies the front half of the body.



. The genital opening is located in front of the abdominal suction.
Flukes are oval in shape, thin skin, with lid, with length from 125 - 140 μm, width from 70 - 90 μm, dark color.
Epidemiological characteristics
Host: this is a common parasite in pigs. People can also be infected with Fasciolopsis buski flukes by eating raw or uncooked aquatic plants such as water hyacinth, lotus root, spinach, water spinach, etc. which contain tapeworm cysts
The vector that transmits the disease is: Planorbis, Segmentina, and Hippeutis snails
Geographic distribution: distributed throughout the Indian subcontinent and Asia, especially in areas where people raise pigs and eat freshwater plants
In Vietnam, in Hue, people are infected with tapeworms by eating watercress and water spinach grown in ponds.
In the South, the disease is common in provinces in the Mekong Delta; Like in Hau Giang province, the prevalence is 2-3% because people often eat raw tubers.
DEVELOPMENT PROCESS OF BIG CORN CELLULAR
The life cycle of intestinal flukes and the parasite process causes disease in humans
Adult flukes parasitize in the small intestine of humans or in the pig duodenum that produce eggs. Eggs follow feces outward (1), eggs meet with water environment and develop into eggs with embryos (2); embryonic eggs develop into hairy larvae (3) swimming in water and seeking suitable snails (4); in hairy larvae will develop through the sporocysts (4a), rediae (4b) and tail larvae (4c) stages; caudal larvae leave the snail (5) and attach to aquatic plants that form cysts (6); humans and pigs ingest aquatic plants containing cysts, the larvae then escape the cysts in the duodenum (7) and develop into adult parasite living in the pig duodenum (7) and human small intestine (7) 8).



. It takes about 3 months from the time when the larva follicles enter the human body until they develop into an adult. The average life expectancy of a tapeworm in the small intestine of a person is about 1 year.
Clinical manifestations of large bowel disease
Incubation period: patients often experience fatigue, sometimes abdominal pain, diarrhea, causing mild anemia.
Stage of onset: patient feels tired, anemia, weight loss, abdominal pain and diarrhea irregularly, loose stools have a lot of mucus and a lot of indigestible food Symptoms of diarrhea can last for days or weeks, abdominal pain is usually pain in the lower part of the stomach and can occur severe pain, abdominal distention, especially children. In addition, multiple tapeworm infections can cause intestinal obstruction. When infected with multiple flukes, the patient may vomit flukes or eggs, if not treated promptly, the patient may die in a state of exhaustion.
DIAGNOSTIC DIAGNOSTIC DIAGNOSIS
The diagnosis is mainly based on clinical symptoms: edema, body weakness, abdominal pain, diarrhea, subclinical diagnoses such as: blood test with increased eosinophil, diagnosed diagnosis. : done by testing to find tapeworm eggs in stool or even looking for tapeworms, eggs in vomiting.
TREATMENT OF BIG CORN DISEASES
The drugs of choice for treatment are: Niclosamid, Triclabendzol, Thiabendazol, Mebendazol but the best option currently is Praziquantel with a therapeutic dose of 25mg / kg x 3 times / day.



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Note: Praziquantel is not suitable for pregnant women, nursing mothers and pediatric patients. Each patient has a different condition, so he is not allowed to take the drug himself / herself because the drug has many side effectsPatients who are suspected of having tapeworms need to visit specialized medical facilities for diagnostic tests and Advice from experts.
BIG CORE PREVENTION DISEASE PREVENTION
Preventing diseases for people by communicating health education to all people, destroying snails transmitting diseases, managing human and pig feces, not defecating into ponds, not eating alive aquatic plants or Uncooked, detected and treated early infected person.
Ds. Cao Chí Công- Bs. Le Thi Huong Giang.

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