Hookworm Disease – Causes, Symptoms And Prevention

Hookworm disease, also known as beakworm, is parasitic in the body. Larvae and adult worms live in the intestines of an infected human or animal. The main cause of chronic anemia may be hookworm. Adult hookworms suck about 0.2-0

.34 ml of blood / day, small worms suck about 0.03-0.05ml of blood / day, also cause duodenitis and secretion of blood clotting To prevent dangerous health complications, we should find out the cause of the disease, as well as its symptoms and how to prevent it
The larvae move under the skin by parasitic worms
1. What is hookworm disease?
This disease is actually caused by two causes, hookworm (Ancylostoma duodenale) and beakworm (Necator americanus), both of which belong to Ancylostomidae parasitic in humans.



. However, both types of worms are nearly identical in terms of biology, epidemiology, diagnosis - treatment, and preventive methods, so the disease they cause is called hookworm disease (or hookworm). ).
People infected with hookworms often release worm eggs through their stools. Worm eggs can hatch in wet soil and incubate for about 2 days before hatching into larvae. Accordingly, the larvae can pass through the skin, usually by not wearing slippers, they pass through the bloodstream and then travel to the lungs and intestines Some cases of foodborne illness encounter contaminated food or water sources
2. Symptoms of hookworm disease?
When infected with hookworms, usually the patient has no specific manifestation, only epigastric pain (depending on the degree of worm infection) and often symptoms of anemia such as blue skin, pale mucous membranes, cold extremities, asthenia. Severe cases can lead to bleeding, edema and respiratory failure.
The patient's pain symptoms are also nonspecific, painful at any time, more intense in hunger, poor appetite, nausea, abdominal pain, indigestion.



. In addition hookworms cause skin and lung disease signs that are manifested as follows:
Once hookworms pass through the skin, they can cause local dermatitis with itchy symptoms, many red spots and usually go away on their own after 1-2 days. Dermatitis caused by hookworm larvae: when larvae penetrate the skin, they often cause lesions in the interstitial legs or arms that manifest as erythema, rash transient, slightly itchy patches. Due to repeated contact and infection with hookworm larvae, the patient is affected by a rash, localized urticaria, diffuse wall, erysipelas-like plaques, pain and itching, and blisters.
Symptoms occur in the respiratory tract and esophagus: the patient may have a dry cough, hoarseness, sore throat, sore throat or ringing in the ears, itchy nose, throat that is hard to swallow like something in the neck and drooling .
Blood tests in the early stages of infection show an increase in the amount of acidophilic leukocytes, the manifestations of anemia, the amount of blood is significantly reduced, anemia is severe in patients with severe infection, persistent illness, protein deficiency whole blood.
3. Measures for treating hookworm disease
Human hookworm infection is a fairly common condition that has tended to decrease in recent years, but it still has a number of patients who have missed the diagnosis, leading to long-term illnesses that cause many complications. The disease can be completely cured if detected early, the goal of treatment is to treat infections, prevent and treat complications, improve nutrition.
The medicine works with many types of worms to kill worms such as albendazole 400mg single dose for all children over 2 years old or mebendazole 500mg single dose.



. However, these drugs are not allowed in pregnancy in the first 3 months, women who are breastfeeding, because it can affect the baby, cautious for people with liver and kidney failure.
Severe worm infection: albendazole (zentel) 400mg / day x 3 days or Mebendazole (fugaca, ..) dose 500mg / day x 3 days.
If you have anemia, take iron supplements and medications.
Remember to go back to your doctor's appointment so that you can monitor the progress of your symptoms for effective treatment.
Follow your doctor's instructions and never take any medication you have not prescribed or quit on your own when prescribed for you.
Maintain a diet should eat foods rich in protein, vitamins within 3 months.
4.



Prevent hookworm disease
Raising awareness of personal and community hygiene, protecting the environment from disease contamination.
Hygiene and prevention of epidemics: environmental sanitation especially in areas close to houses, indoors and play areas of children.
Building a civilized lifestyle of good personal hygiene: like washing hands with soap before eating and after going to the toilet, limiting eating raw vegetables before they are washed. Absolutely do not use fresh fertilizer, do not go barefoot.
Prophylaxis for high-risk subjects: deworming twice a year every 4-6 months. When coming into contact with soil, especially soil contaminated with human faeces, people must use protective clothing.
Environmental treatment: launch cleaning campaigns in the community, together build a sewer system and treat waste water. Can handle manure with lime powder 150 -200 g / 1kg of manure, eggs will die later

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