Fascioliasis

The cause to the illness
Fasciolopsis buski of the Fasciolidae family is a large flukes parasitic in the intestines and humans, a plant-transmitted tapeworm. Adult flukes are leaf-shaped, 30 - 70 x 10 - 15mm, parasitic in small intestine of pigs or humans. Flukes lay eggs, size 125 - 140 x 75 - 90 μm. Eggs follow the faeces outward, into the water to hatch hair larvae into the parasitic snail and develop into tail larvae leaving the snails to click on aquatic plants such as lotus root, larva, tuber-root .

.. creating cysts. When humans or pigs eat raw vegetables, leaves that grow under water or wash water with cysts of this larvae become infected with intestinal flukes
Development cycle
The life cycle of a large intestinal flukes and the process of entering the human body causing the disease
The large intestinal flukes are parasitic in human or pig's intestine, laying eggs and eggs according to faeces into the external environment When the egg hatches, the larvae will enter the snail. From within the shells they develop many tail larvae.



. These larvae will nest in aquatic plants such as: tuberous tubers, lotus root, lotus root, cilantro, spinach and other duckweed ... When human or pig eat uncooked aquatic plants with larval cysts intestinal flukes, these larvae will escape the shell and swell up the intestinal parasite.
Disease situation in the world and in Vietnam
In the world
The intestinal flukes were first discovered by Busk in the small intestine of Indian sailors in London in 1843 Circulating diseases in Asia such as China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Burma and India In China, there are 80-86% of children infected. In Thailand, Fasciolopsiasis accounts for 10% of human intestinal parasites (Wiwanitkit et al 2002).
In Viet Nam
Fasciolopsis buski has been identified in 16 provinces throughout the country (Yen Bai, Bac Can, Phu Tho, Quang Ninh, Tuyen Quang, Cao Bang, Bac Giang, Ha Tay, Nam Dinh, Ninh Binh, Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Thua Thien Hue, Dak Lak, Can Tho and An Giang) from 2000 to 2005, the overall infection rate was 1.23% (0.



.16 - 3.82%). Adult intestinal fluke flukes from patients treated in 7 provinces: Nam Dinh, Ninh Binh, Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Thua Thien Hue, Dak Lak, Can Tho and An Giang were identified as Fasciolopsis buski by Morphology and molecular biology.
Harm of intestinal fluke disease
The large intestinal fluke parasites in the gut not only occupy the host's food but also cause intestinal damage, enteritis, and digestive disorders
Diagnosis of intestinal fluke disease
Clinical diagnosis
Large intestinal flukes cause abdominal pain, digestive disorders, severe infections can cause edema.
Subclinical diagnosis
Microscopic examination for helminth eggs
- Stool examination, microscopic examination for intestinal fluke eggs are the gold standard for diagnosis of this disease. Because humans are suitable hosts for large intestinal flukes, they always lay eggs when they parasitize
- Blood test using ELISA kit to find antibodies to intestinal leaf in blood (currently not widely applied).
Treatment of intestinal fluke disease
Principle: Right subject, right medication, right regimen
Medicines: Many drugs can be used to treat large intestinal flukes such as: Tetracloroethylene, Niclosamide, Thiabendazol, Mebendazol, Leuvamisole, Pyrantel pamoat, Triclabendazol and currently use Praziquantel to treat large intestinal flukes.
Measures to prevent intestinal fluke disease
Worm deworming 2 times a year, eat boiled and boiled, do not eat raw aquatic plants, and conduct specific treatment for patients who need to combine sanitation in the surrounding environment.
Ds.



. Nguyen Thi Thuy.

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