Infection With Dog And Cat Parasites Part 2

Transmission routes and sources of cats parasites in human outbreaks (part 2).
Source: Translated from CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Emerging Infectious Diseases, December 12, 2019. "Patterns of Transmission and Sources of Infection in Outbreaks of Human Toxoplasmosis" Authors: Fernanda Pinto-Ferreira, Eloiza Teles Caldart, Aline Kuhn Sbruzzi Pasquali, Regina Mitsuka-Breganó, Roberta Lemos Freire, and Italmar Teodorico Navarro. The article has a few more personal opinions of the translator. The outbreak in Santa Isabel do Ivaí (Brazil) is a special case of the cat parasite

. Partly because the number of people infected with cats and dogs parasites is high, partly because people isolated cats parasites directly from the source of infection, which is the unfiltered water. After experience from this epidemic, people analyzed water sources in subsequent epidemics more closely, and discovered more outbreaks due to water sources.
Subjects susceptible to cats and dogs parasites
One of the main ways of transmitting infection of dogs and cats, cats parasites is the oral feces The cat family, the main host of Toxoplasma gondii, releases follicle eggs to the environment Under favorable conditions, follicular eggs can survive for several months, and are contagious during that period. Because cats are prone to defecating in soil and sand, exposure to these sources is a risk factor for infection.



. This transmission accounts for 17.6% of reported cases. The majority of infected people are children and adolescents, probably because children play with soil and sand and accidentally ingest cysts.
What foods infect a dog or cat parasite?
In the past 20 years, the trend of consuming healthy foods such as vegetables has been rising, to change the healthier eating habits and prevent obesity. Vegetables provide micronutrients and fiber, helping to reduce body weight However, at the same time, outbreaks of cat and dog parasites also increased with increased consumption of vegetables and fruits Cat parasites, infested with cats and dogs parasites, can be transmitted at all stages of production including cultivation, harvesting, transportation, and distribution as well as processing and consumption. .
In 2009, a study of 11 cases of acute cat parasite infection in an enterprise with 2,300 employees in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, showed that eating vegetables is the cause of disease. In 2013, the community in the city of Ponta de Pedras in Pará State, Brazil was the victim of a cat parasite epidemic.



. A total of 73 patients had clinical manifestations and test results consistent with dog and cat parasitic infections, cat parasitic infections. The reason is attributed to the consumption of açaí. (Açaí is a fruit of the palm family, grown in Brazil, Peru, Suriname .. Açaí fruits are small, round, dark purple, advertised as being very healthy because they contain antioxidants, However, there is not enough scientific evidence to back these up.In Brazil, the Açaí na tigela is quite famous, like a fruit cocktail in our country, the raw material is açaí, and some other fresh fruits, mixed in açaí puree juice). Ponta de Pedras is one of the main açaí producers in Brazil. However, this parasitic infection occurs when not during the açaí harvest season in Ponta de Pedras. Because to satisfy consumers' açaí needs, people have imported açaí from elsewhere, and these açaí fruits may have been infected by cats and dogs parasites, infected by Toxoplasma parasite, a strange toxoplasmosis for local people and they are not immune to this strain, causing a major pandemic.



.
These events show the lack of sanitation in the food and restaurant industry, the inadequacy of quality control even in developed countries. In recent years, the inspection of animal-based foods has become more stringent, and at the same time, the consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits has also increased, resulting in parasitic infections of dogs and cats, parasitic infections Fungal infections in the form of cystic eggs in food can become the main pathway for subsequent outbreaks.
Threats of infection to cats and dogs parasites
When we reviewed the infections of cats and dogs parasites, cats parasites, we found that follicular eggs caused the infection with a high number of patients. Although the number of outbreaks was the same, the epidemic caused by follicular infections caused> 1400 people to be infected, while the epidemic caused by parasite cysts only infected 290 people. Water pollution causes the greatest epidemic, in addition, water used in cultivation is also the cause of pollution of vegetables and fruits. Domestic cats or feral cats have a high rate of T. gondii infection, a cat litter can release> 100 million follicles into the environment when infected with Toxoplasma. With such a large number of cysts, follicles pollute the water source, causing large outbreaks.

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