Fasciola Fasciola: Things To Know

Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola hepanta are common infections, including Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola hepatica, and fasciolosis is found in many parts of the world. In Vietnam, there was a time when outbreaks occurred in some areas, including the Central and Central Highlands provinces.
General information about large liver fluke
Fasciola hepatica: mature with long size, 30 x 15mm wide, flukes flattened, shaped like a head-shaped leaf. Adult liver fluke lives in the lumen of the common bile ducts and the bile ducts in humans or animals, and eggs are excreted excreted through Oddi sphincter and small intestine.
The liver fluke eggs are large and oval in shape, size 130 - 150 x 60 - 90 µm, the eggs of large liver flukes are thin and hard to see clearly

. In water, the larvae hatch from the eggs and enter the snail host, then divide many times into cysts and redia, the tail larvae leave the snails and swim freely in the water.
In water environment, the tail larvae cling to appropriate aquatic plants and develop into larval cysts. When people eat aquatic plants infected with larvae, the liver fluke larvae will descend into the stomach, intestines and then cyst in dozen
The metacercariae of the liver fluke move through the wall of the small intestine and the peritoneum and then they enter the liver and move slowly to the large hepatic duct. The latent period lasts 3 to 4 months, the adult liver fluke can live up to 10 years.



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The cycle of development of fascioliasis
Epidemiological characteristics of large liver fluke
Fasciola fascioliasis has been reported from 62 countries around the world. Infection is mainly caused by ingestion after live aquatic containing large cysts of liver fluke larvae, such as watercress, lettuce, mint, parsley. Snails are a major source of liver fluke disease from aquatic environments to aquatic leafy vegetables.
In Vietnam, fasciolosis is found in 27 provinces and cities in the North, including Bac Giang, Bac Ninh, Hanoi, Hung Yen, Hai Duong, Thai Binh, Ha Tay, Phu Tho, Nam Dinh, Thanh Hoa and Nghe An. An, Ha Tinh, Quang Binh, Quang Tri and 12 southern provinces: Da Nang, Quang Ngai, Binh Dinh, Phu Yen, Khanh Hoa, Dak Lak, Lam Dong, Dong Nai, Ba Ria-Vung Tau, Tay Ninh, TP HCM and Bến Tre
The most serious epidemic areas are still provinces in the central region, including: Da Nang, Quang Ngai and Binh Dinh Studies on molecular biology have identified the liver fluke strain in Vietnam to be a hybrid between Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica.
Clinical signs of large liver fluke
Pictures of large liver fluke invade the liver parenchyma
Clinical signs of fascioliasis reflect the journey of flukes in the human body. If the tapeworm has been in the liver, it has been shown to be infected for a long time and the pathway in the body is widespread. The massive flukes that pass through the liver, called the acute, invasive liver stage, are caused by the large fluke worm larvae in the liver, which last for months.



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This is followed by the chronic stage, caused by the adult flukes that cause disease in the bile ducts, which last for many years and are the reproductive stage of large liver flukes. Trichinosis where the host permanently ingests larval cysts in aquatic plants continuously for many years, may be infected with overlap of large fluke.
Stage of invasive in the liver (acute phase)
This stage of liver fluke infection can cause pressure - small liver abscess, necrosis of the liver cells, then create purulent cavities and tumors in the liver, for a long time not treated with parasite-killing drugs, cirrhosis , Liver Cancer.
Young flukes can be strayed to places outside the liver, such as the skin, lungs, intestinal wall, brain, and urinary tract, urethra, and form many granulomas or small abscesses that lead to clinical manifestations focal areas such as, urination, urination, hematuria. Erythema multiforme with a size of 1.5 - 6cm nodular in the skin is a sign of larvae moving outside the skin.
The stage of obstruction in the chronic bile (the chronic stage)
Pictures of large liver flukes cause biliary damage
Fasciola hepatica causes inflammation, fibrosis and obstruction of the bile ducts in the liver: Fascioliasis tends to move to the lumen of the common bile duct and mature and reproduce there. Normally, large liver flukes appear 3 to 4 months later.
Complications of biliary obstruction with clinical signs such as silent dizziness abdominal pain in epigastrium or lower ribs must be easily confused with biliary tract pain or acute cholecystitis.



. Occasionally, large flukes of the liver present with cholangitis with mild fever, jaundice, and upper abdominal pain. A few cases of leaking biliary tract bleeding require surgical intervention
Methods of diagnosis of fascioliasis
Stool microscopy for an early stage of liver fluke disease usually does not find an egg in the stool. In this stage, clinical diagnosis: the clinical signs suggesting diagnosis of large liver fluke include: dull abdominal pain, soft palpation, gastrointestinal disorders, mild to moderate fever, acidosis elevated blood pressure (BCTT) (# 1,000 / ml)
ELISA OD method tests the diagnosis of large liver fluke in the later stage (invasive stage) with high sensitivity and specificity for fast, accurate results, often applied to diagnose liver fluke. big.
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