Is Pinworm Disease Dangerous?

Parasitical Worms.com Pinworms reproduce sexually. After fertilization, the male worms die and are ejected according to feces. Female worms do not lay eggs in the intestines but cows lay eggs in anal wrinkles, usually laying at night.
1

. Shape of pinworm
1.1. Worms mature
Pinworms are white in color, small in size, males are 2 -5 mm long, females 9 -12 mm long, slightly bulging at the head and with a knurled shell The tail of the male is curved, pointed, with spines, and the female's tail is straight
1.2.



. Worm eggs
Pinworm eggs are unbalanced oval, one side is flat, size 30 x 50µm. Smooth, 2-layer casing. Inside are smooth nuclei or larvae due to fast-growing larvae, clear gray eggs.
2. Ecological
2 1 Nutrition
Pinworms live by taking nutrients in the colon.
2.2. Development cycle
Parasitic location: Pinworms parasitize at the end of the small intestine, the large intestine head, mainly the cecum.



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Evolution: Pinworms sexually reproduce. After fertilization, the male worms die and are ejected according to feces. Female worms do not lay eggs in the intestines but cows lay eggs in anal wrinkles, usually laying at night. After laying off the eggs, the female worm shrinks and dies, so the pinworm has a short lifespan under favorable conditions (temperature 30C, aerobic, high humidity) after 6-8 hours, pinworm eggs develop into larvae and potentially infectious eggs.
People eat eggs that have larvae or larvae (larvae break their own shell to go out and wait for the opportunity to penetrate into the human body) into the digestive tract, the larvae develop into adult pinworms. Some authors believe that a person who may be infected with pinworms by themselves after the larvae break the anus will be able to crawl up the colon to re-infection.
Time to complete cycle quickly after 2-4 weeks. Pinworm life is about 2 months.
3.



. Pathology
People infected with pinworms may experience some of the following harms and complications:
3.1 Gastrointestinal disorders
Pinworms or move places should stimulate the intestine causing inflammation, congestion. Clinical manifestations are children with anorexia, nausea, dull abdominal pain, diarrhea, sometimes with bloody mucus. Children infected with pinworms often have anorexia and thin skin.
Image pinworm in the gastrointestinal tract through endoscopy
3.2. Nervous stimulation
Children infected with pinworms often feel uncomfortable, cry because of anal itching, nervous breakdown, insomnia.
3.3.



Symptoms
Appendicitis: Due to the location of the parasite in the cecum, if it is large, the worms can enter the appendix to cause inflammation, into the intestinal wall causing small tumors.
Pinworms after delivery can enter the vagina in women causing vaginitis, cervicitis, which has the effect of pinworms causing ovarian tumors, inflammation of the fallopian tubes leading to infertility.
The image of pinworm parasitic in intestinal mucosa through endoscopy
4. Diagnosis
4.1. Clinical diagnosis
Clinical diagnosis is certainly valid when children have anal pruritus, check for pinworms in the anus or children with loose stool with pinworms, in case of apple feces also have pinworms at the edge of the stool.
4.2 Diagnostic tests
Testing for pinworm eggs. Usually there is no pinworm eggs in the stool, so there must be some special methods to recover eggs in wrinkles and anal mucosa:
Technique using cotton swab.



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The technique uses sticky cellophane or transparent tape.
Picture pinworm parasitic in the anal mucosa
5. Epidemiology
Pinworm infection is not dependent on climatic conditions, so it is common everywhere. The degree depends on personal hygiene and varies according to local sanitation conditions. Children are prone to contagious and contagious diseases so they are often of a small collective and family nature. In Vietnam, the overall infection rate is 18 - 47% The number of children infected is higher than that of adults and women are more than men. The infection rate tends to decrease because of improved sanitation.
6. Prevention of disease
Eggs and pinworm larvae are easy to diffuse outside, especially in utensils such as blankets, mats, books, tables and chairs .



... The prevention of the disease must pay attention to the following points:
Personal hygiene: Trimming nails, washing children's hands after waking up and before eating, washing children's anus early in the morning, wearing tight-fitting pants. Regularly drying blankets and mats, not letting children suck their hands
Non-disease prevention on a large scale, the whole family or the collective, paying special attention to kindergartens and preschools. Should wash the blanket, mats regularly and clean the floor with soap ...
Eating and drinking hygiene: eat boiled and cooked, food not on the bed.
7.



. Treatment
Must be actively treated, multiple treatment, mass treatment of the whole family or in combination with good preventive measures. Treatment drugs: mebendazol, albendazole, levamisol, pyrantel pamoat
Medical Group Anh Nga Parasitic Clinic
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Address: 402 An Duong Vuong, Ward 4, District 5, TP. HCM
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