Lung Disease: Things To Know

Common species of lung fluke are Paragonimus westermani, Paragonimus heterotremus, Paragonimuskellicotti, Paragonimus pulmonalis. Recently, studies in Vietnam, along with the application of molecular biology of lung fluke, have found that the major fluke species, Paragonimus heterotremus.
HOW CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LEAF DEVELOPMENT PROCESS?
Adult lung fluke lives in the lungs, spawns in the lungs, the eggs are coughed out, swallowed and then pass out. After 2 to 3 weeks, hairy larvae hatch, parasitize in Melanoides snail, cystic walls, redia and caudal larvae move in water.
The tail larvae emerge from the snails, parasitize freshwater shrimp and crabs, and turn into lung fluke larvae in the pectoral muscles of those crustaceans

. People get sick when they eat raw shrimp and crabs undercooked, some cases of fish sauce also infected with lung fluke.
The development cycle of pulmonary fluke disease
When the larvae of the lung fluke move to the duodenum, the cysts penetrate the intestinal wall to the abdominal cavity, across the diaphragm, pleura and then into the lungs. Then moving from the intestines to the lungs, the fluke damages the tissues it passes through
Entering the lungs, the surrounding retinal system cells form the surrounding fibrous tissue and form a membrane about 15cm in diameter, containing blood surrounding pukes, pus and a bunch of lung fluke eggs.
During the move, the fluke may enter a venous node, return to the circulation and locate in distant places such as the brain, liver, skin, etc.



. In addition to humans, cattle such as dogs, cats, pigs, The monkey can be infected with a fluke parasite
FEATURE OF TOURISM LEAF
Shape of adult lung fluke:
The size of lung fluke is 8 to 12 mm long, 4 to 6mm wide, 3.5 to 5mm thick. Flukes of the lungs are reddish-brown in color, looks like coffee beans, have two equal suction plates: one in the mouth, one in the abdomen.
Flukes on the left side of the lungs and the eggs on the right
The esophagus of lung fluke is usually short, has a digestive tract in a circle. The male genital flukes of the lung include the testicle with few branches and at the end of the digestive tract Large ovary divided into lobes
The shape of the lung fluke egg: Oval, dark brown, quite large. The size of lung fluke: from 80 - 120 x 45 - 60 µm, the lid is less convex. The most common thickness of eggshell egg shell is opposite polar cap. Eggs of lung lungs are born with only one cluster of cells.



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Epidemiological characteristics of lung disease
In Vietnam, a trematode foci have been detected since 1994 in Sin Ho, Tua Chua - Lai Chau Province, Thuan Chau and Moc Chau - Son La Province, Da Bac - Hoa Binh Province, ... The lung fluke strain is Paragonimus heterotrmus. Through regular epidemiological investigations of specialized units such as preventive medicine, recent years show that trichinosis is still concentrated in the northern mountainous provinces, especially the Northwest.
Crabs are an intermediate source of disease transmission: Ranguna kimboiensis. Rock crabs carrying tapeworm larvae accounted for 63.5%. The intermediate snail Melanoides carries pulmonary metacercariae, in children accounting for high percentage of 69.



.4%, the rate in adults infected with pulmonary fluke infections is lower, from 0.2% - 15%
Area map and prevalence of pulmonary tapeworm infection in Vietnam
The main dishes that lead to infection with lung fluke disease are grilled crabs or poorly cooked crab soup. In addition, pounding crabs to get water for treatment is also a risk factor for lung fluke infection in humans.
In addition to crabs, shrimp also mediate host and unripe shrimp products may lead to infection with trematodes. However, there are no research data from this intermediate parasite in Vietnam.
SIGNS OF SYMPTOMS OF PULMONARY DISEASE
The disease manifests itself as pneumoconiosis with bouts of coughing, with phlegm and blood, lasting, after a while, the cough becomes chronic, coughing much in the early morning with rust-colored sputum like pneumonia. Occasionally, pneumoconiosis causes hemoptysis, which is very similar to tuberculosis, sometimes with an allergic skin rash like dermatosis, but the tubercle bacilli (BK) test is negative, most In cases of pneumoconiosis without fever, some cases have hydrocephalus.
Chest radiograph with enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes, lesions of lung parenchyma are blurred nodules, small patches with small caverns, mainly lung lesions in low lung area, eosinophils increase BCAT in most cases. when infected with fluke.




In the case of pulmonary tapeworms with intestinal flukes, the symptoms are very complicated, according to the organs of the parasitic lung fluke. If lung fluke in the brain, there are often short seizures, syndrome of the brain accounts for 6.3% of patients in endemic areas; in the liver causing liver abscess due to pulmonary fluke
METHOD OF DIAGNOSTIC VACCULAR DISEASE
Clinical diagnosis of pulmonary schistosomiasis: Similar to tuberculosis but not found, tuberculosis is not as skinny as tuberculosis, does not have a fever in the afternoon. However, lung fluke disease can be associated with tuberculosis and sometimes the diagnosis of trematodes is difficult.
Diagnosis confirmed pulmonary fluke:
Based on the sputum test, an egg tapeworm was found.

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