Things To Know About Colorectal Cancer

Rectal cancer has now become a common and dangerous disease. However, people have very little knowledge about the disease, the following article will provide sufficient information revolving around rectal cancer.
What is rectal cancer?
Rectal cancer is when the cancer cells begin to begin in the rectum, not only growing and invading in the rectum, but these cancer cells have also spread to other parts of the body. called metastasis.
Is rectal cancer dangerous?
Rectal cancer is among the top 10 most common cancers in the world and ranks fourth in the list of leading causes of death after lung, stomach and liver cancers

.
The disease often has signs that are easily confused with other pathologies. Therefore, rectal cancer really becomes a concern without exception. However, if detected early, rectal cancer has a high cure rate
Symptoms of rectal cancer
Rectal cancer usually has no obvious symptoms at an early stage.



Therefore, when you encounter the following signs, it is very important to pay attention and to reputable medical facilities to be examined and consulted by doctors.
Signs that help detect colorectal cancer early:
Persistent digestive disorders;
Stool is stiffer than normal, the stool is dark with mucus, bloody;
Unusual weight loss;
Bleeding in the anus;
Defecation habits change abnormally;
Fatigue and weakness;
Abdominal pain;
Palpable palpable.
Gastrointestinal disorders are the first sign of a rectal-related illness
Causes of rectal cancer
Having some intestinal diseases such as prolonged rectal ulcer, rectal polyps, Crohn's disease ...;
Family with a history of colorectal cancer;
Have personally had colorectal cancer;
Unscientific diet such as eating too much red meat (beef, buffalo meat, goat meat . .



); regularly eat fermented salt food, consume too much processed food ...;
Overweight - obesity;
Smoking cigarettes, drinking alcohol and stimulants.
Who is at risk for rectal cancer?
Most cases of rectal cancer usually occur in people 50 years of age and older because they are at higher risk for colorectal polyps and colorectal cancer.
In addition, people with a personal or family history of colorectal polyps or colorectal cancer, people with inherited colorectal polyps syndrome or have Crohn's disease, colorectal ulcer There is also a risk of rectal cancer.
Stages of rectal cancer
Early rectal cancer
Early stage rectal cancer is divided into 2 stages, stage 0 and stage 1:
Stage 0 is called carcinoma in situ. New cancer cells appear only in the mucosa or lining of the rectum;
When in stage 1: Cancer has grown through the mucosa into the inner wall but has not crossed the wall; Not yet spread to adjacent tissues and lymph nodes.




Stage 2 rectal cancer
As the disease progresses to stage 2, the tumor also invades deeper into or through the wall of the rectum. At this point, the cancer cell can invade nearby tissues but has yet to spread to nearby lymph nodes or elsewhere.
Colorectal cancer stage 3
Stage 3 cancer cells have grown through the lining of the intestinal wall and spread to surrounding lymph nodes. The patient's prognosis for this period is 44 - 83%.
End stage rectal cancer
In the terminal stage, the cancer has spread through all layers of the intestinal wall and invades regional lymph nodes. At the same time, the tumor has spread to other parts of the body like the liver or lungs. The prognosis for living after 5 years of patients is still very low, only about 8%.
Complications of rectal cancer
Treatments for rectal cancer
Surgery
Rectal cancer surgery is a method of removing rectal tumors, tissues and some nearby lymph nodes.



This is an effective treatment that is often used in the early stages of the disease.
Currently, there are 2 methods for rectal cancer surgery: open and laparoscopic surgery. Depending on the patient's condition, the anatomical structure of the rectum segment requiring intervention, the degree of complexity of the surgery, the surgeon will consider selecting the appropriate surgical method.
Valence
Chemotherapy in rectal cancer is an important part of rectal cancer treatment. This is a method of using drugs to prevent and kill cancer cells.
Rectal cancer chemotherapy drugs can be given by injection or by mouth. Depending on the condition of the disease, the doctor will advise different types of drugs, with specific dosages and schedules.
Chemotherapy for rectal cancer helps relieve symptoms and adjuvant chemotherapy before or after surgery.




Radiotherapy
Radiation therapy in rectal cancer is a method that uses high-energy X-rays to shine directly on the tumor area of a patient to destroy cancer cells. Radiation therapy is often used for therapeutic purposes.

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