Traumatic Brain Injury In Children

Children Hospital No. 2, Ho Chi Minh City, recently gave timely emergency to 2 cases of children with traumatic brain injury from domestic accidents. Traumatic brain injury in children is always a potential danger, the risk of injury is everywhere ..

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From tragic cases
The first case was a baby, L.L.N G, 11 months old, hospitalized in a state of drowsiness.



The family members said that while he was in the baby walker, he stumbled on the steps and hit his head on the brick floor. After falling, she vomited many times, giving up breastfeeding, giving up playing, and slowing down. Family members took him to the hospital and the doctor gave him an urgent CT scan.
As a result, the baby has hard to collect hematoma at the top to cause more deviations between. The baby was operated immediately afterward, the doctors removed about 30g of hematoma, promptly saving his life. Currently the baby has passed the danger, awake, well fed and no longer vomiting.
The second case is L C.



T, 3 years old, living in Dong Thap. When the child went to the road, he accidentally fell on a coconut tree by a coconut tree.
He was also given emergency care and had a CT scan of his brain and also had hematoma but had a small amount of hematoma in the epidural, so he was conserved and monitored in the emergency room.
Currently, he is stable but still stable and unable to speak.
The possibility is that the falling force of the coconut shocked the baby's speech area, causing him to not speak.
Through these two cases, it shows that traumatic brain injury in children is always a potential danger, the risk of injury is everywhere if not careful and the trauma agent sometimes seems difficult. can happen but still happen.
CT-scan film of a case of cerebral hemorrhage
Risk of brain injury
Traumatic brain injury in children often due to:
Carelessness in living (accounting for 60% of cases), the most common is falling stairs, falling to the bed, falling in a hammock or holding an adult holding a hand .



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The next reasons are falls bikes, traffic accidents, heavy objects hit the head ...
Traumatic brain injuries are more common in boys than girls due to being more hyperactive, most often between ages 1 and 6. The younger they are, the more likely they are to have traumatic brain injuries due to the large and heavy head, which often falls first, babies are not able to adjust their balance when falling.
Dangerous consequences of traumatic brain injury
The slightest traumatic brain injury is a hematoma under the scalp, commonly called a scalp tumor or scalp swelling.




When touching, you will notice a small, soft lump under the scalp.
The tumor will dissolve in a few days to a few weeks.
More serious are skull injuries such as fractures, concave, or brain wounds.
More serious are lesions in the skull such as cerebral hemorrhage, external or subdural hematoma, brain stamping.
If the injury is minor, the baby is fully awake, and there are no signs that the parents can take care of the baby at home, but need to be monitored closely every two hours for the first 24 hours.
Traumatic brain damage leads to many dangerous complications
Signs of traumatic brain injury
Signs to watch out for:
Status at awake at night;
Deep asleep sound not wake up;
Severe headache;
The ear or nostril is clear;
Vomiting many times;
Twitching of limbs;
Large swelling in the scalp ...




If your baby shows any signs on or after a fall and he faints right away, he / she should be taken to the hospital quickly to be examined and consulted by the doctor.
Diagnosis of traumatic brain injury
Cranial CT-Scan is the optimal method for detecting traumatic brain injury.
However, CT-Scan should only be done when directed by a doctor because X-rays, although small in intensity, should be avoided for young children. Avoid the psychology that requires your doctor to take X-rays or CT scans at all costs to be assured.
The diagnosis and monitoring of a traumatic brain injury also includes many other important factors such as monitoring the change of perception, visiting children many times to look for neurological signs, rather than simply taking a picture. X-ray film or CT-Scan.
CT scanner helps diagnose brain injury
Prevention of traumatic brain injury
To avoid the serious consequences of traumatic brain injury, parents with young children should pay attention to the following tips:
Carefully take care of children when they can crawl and walk;
A baby's berth needs a screen, underneath the foot of the bed to be cushioned so that if the child falls, he will be shaken;
Do not allow children to climb upstairs arbitrarily, open windows or down stairs;
When carrying older children on two wheels should wear a helmet for children;
When a head injury occurs, seek medical attention immediately.
If the doctor returns home, the child must remain under close supervision for up to a week.



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