Dealing With Congenital Cataracts

Many people mistakenly think that cataract is a common disease of the elderly without even knowing that many newborn babies have this dangerous congenital cataract.
If detected and treated late, then growing up, even if the lens is replaced, the vision is also very poor. Therefore, early detection is extremely important to keep eyesight for children. In fact, many cases of congenital cataract in children have been ignored, only discovered by accident so the restoration of vision for children is less effective.
Definition of congenital cataract
Congenital cataracts are clouds in the lens of the eye that are present at birth

. Usually the eye's lens is a transparent structure that focuses light received from the eye to the retina.
Cataract in the first 6 months of life is considered a baby cataract. Children can have cataracts in one eye (unilateral cataract) or both eyes (bilateral cataract) Most children with one eye have a cataract, and the other will have better vision than those who are not sick.




Most children who have cataracts in one eye, the other eye will have better vision than those who are not sick.
Types of congenital cataracts
Anterior cataract cataract
Anteriorly defined anterior cataract, located in the anterior part of the lens of the eye and is thought to be often associated with genetic traits. These types of cataracts are often considered too small to require surgical intervention
Pole glass back
The well-defined posterior cataract is located in the anterior part of the eye lens and is thought to be often associated with genetic traits.
Nuclear cataract
Nuclear cataracts appear in the center of the lens and are a very common form of congenital cataract.
Cerulean cataract
Cerulean cataracts are often found in both infants' eyes and are distinguished by small, blue dots in the lens. Usually, this type of cataract does not cause vision problems. Cerulean cataracts appear to be related to genetic trends
The cause of congenital cataract
Most unilateral cataracts do not know the exact cause of the disease, which can occur as a result of an eye injury during childbirth or an infected mother during pregnancy.



Meanwhile, bilateral cataract often appears due to genetic genes.
Although the proportion of children with congenital cataract is not much and most cannot indicate what the specific cause of the disease is, some risk factors are still mentioned as follows:
Cartilage dysplasia syndrome.
Congenital rubella.
Conradi syndrome.
Down syndrome (trisomy 21).
Peripheral dysplasia.
Congenital cataract in the family.
Lack of galactose blood.




Hallerman's syndrome - Streiff.
Lowe syndrome.
Marinesco syndrome - Sjogren.
Pierre - Robin syndrome.
Chromosome 13.
The percentage of children with congenital cataract is not much and most cannot indicate the specific cause of the disease
Early manifestations of congenital cataract
Early symptoms of cataracts include:
Vision loss: Children often faint, if they are older, their vision can be measured to determine the degree of blurred vision. Vision loss is directly proportional to the degree of cataract.
Glaucoma: Cataracts begin to cause blurred vision, which is uncomfortable for the patient.



This discomfort particularly occurs in the form of cataract under the posterior sac.
Close-up eyes are better than before: Cataracts in the first eye tend to be nearsighted, so their ability to see close up improves.
Squint: In many cases this is one of the reasons why a child goes to the doctor, which is caused by cataracts, which is amblyopia and squinting.
There are also some manifestations of the child's age:
Children under 1 year old when putting toys do not know how to follow.
Toddlers often touch objects when they walk.
Children over 3 years old may complain about unknown objects, or watch television sitting very close to an abnormal head position.
Children go to school, the learning force decreases rapidly because they do not see the board, or write not in line.
Your child needs an eye exam to determine the diagnosis and do tests for causes, tests that prepare for surgery and tests that evaluate eye function such as optometry, intraocular pressure, and retinal power.



. Eye ultrasound is an indispensable test to help diagnose and predict surgical results.
Treatment of congenital cataract
Drugs that limit the rate of cataract (such as catacol, catastart ...) have not been recommended for children. Surgery should be conducted early, when indicated, to prevent amblyopia, squint, convulsions.
There is no medicine to dissolve cataract, but there is only a surgical way to replace natural lenses with artificial lenses (intraocular lenses).




The case of cataract does not affect too much vision, may not need surgery.
If cataracts can affect the vision and development of the child's visual system, surgery.

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