How To Manage Acute Diarrhea

The disease can occur in many places, all ages and easily spread into an epidemic. Causes of acute diarrhea are many, if not diagnosed and treated in time will be dangerous to life.
Understanding the causes of acute diarrhea caused by bacteria and their toxins will help people know how to treat and prevent them.
Diarrhea caused by food poisoning infection
The reason is that eating food containing bacteria that can break into the intestinal mucosa and cause illness such as Salmonella (S.typhi murium and S

.enteritidis) is the most common. Gastrointestinal disease caused by eating food contaminated with Salmonella.
The incubation period averages 12-36 hours after eating Sudden onset of fever: fever, abdominal pain in the epigastrium or around the navel, without repeated diarrhea, rotten stools, watery sometimes mucous, bloody, almost like stool in dysentery dysentery.




Severe cases have electrolyte disorders due to dehydration (dry lips, sunken eyes, thirst). If not diagnosed and treated in time, patients may die from cardiovascular failure.
In addition, food poisoning is caused by ingestion of food containing toxins of bacteria already formed in the food and this toxin causes disease (toxins of Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfrigens, Clostridium botulinum, bacilluscerus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus).
Clinical manifestations are diarrhea many times a day, abdominal pain, no fever, nausea and vomiting. Without timely treatment will lead to dehydration and death.
Cholera diarrhea
Cholera: Caused by Vibrio cholerae. The average incubation period is 5 days The common symptom is to go out many times a day, feces like rice water, no abdominal pain, no fever, can die if not properly diagnosed and treated.



The disease easily causes epidemic.
E.coli produces mycotoxins: causes increased secretion and electrolytes into the intestine, without inflammation. The source of infection is food and water. Incubation period 24-72 hours, may have mild fever, watery stools. This is a mild diarrhea but lasts up to 5 weeks.
Diarrhea with manifestations of dysentery syndrome
Bacillus dysentery: The cause is caused by Shigella. Clinical symptoms are cramping abdominal pain, vomiting, passing away ignoring fish blood or like meat washes, fever.




Need early treatment with specific antibiotics. However, this bacillus is now resistant to many antibiotics so it is necessary to select the appropriate one.
Escherichia coli (E.coli) causes invasive diarrhea with dysentery syndrome: cramping pain, pressure, and bloody stools.
Treatment of acute diarrhea like?
The main treatment is rehydration and electrolyte on the principle of properly assessing dehydration.
Mild dehydration: Rehydration by drinking while drinking, usually using oresol mixed in 1 liter of water. If you don't have oresol, use salted porridge water.
Severe dehydration: Expression of sunken eyes, dry lips, wrinkled skin.



When the amount of water loss is greater than 5% of the body weight or when drinking without results, it must be replaced by intravenous infusion.
The infusion is mainly saline, isotonic saline solution. Antibiotics are indicated for patients with signs of infectious diarrhea (with leukocytes in the stool).
Depending on the cause, use appropriate antibiotics. However, it should be distinguished from cases of diarrhea caused by Enterovirus (or localized epidemics and mainly in children).
When treating diarrhea, in addition to rehydration, electrolytes and medications also need to pay attention to proper nutrition. Patients with diarrhea, poor ability to digest and absorb food, so the food needs to be carefully processed, cooked and easily digested to suit the taste, ensuring adequate nutritional needs. No excessive abstinence.




Prevention is an important requirement. Diarrhea is mainly caused by dirty hands, food or intermediates of flies, cockroaches, mice, etc. People are the only source of infection. Therefore, prevention is an urgent requirement, in particular, it is necessary to seriously implement the following issues:
Hygiene in eating and drinking: eating cooked, boiling, not eating raw vegetables, seafood fish salad, shrimp sauce ...; Wash your hands clean soap before eating, when preparing food and after using the toilet.
Protect clean water, use clean water for cooking (if there is no tap water, use chloramine B to disinfect).



Do not throw garbage, dead rats into lakes, rivers and canals.
When a family or surrounding people have dangerous acute diarrhea, they must notify the nearest medical facility for prompt treatment.
Everyone must be hygienic and must not indiscriminately discharge. When diarrhea must go to the toilet and then sprinkle lime powder or flush chloramine B.
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4 recommendations for the community to prevent dangerous acute diarrhea
Dangerous acute diarrhea spreads quickly and is easily fatal, but can be prevented. To prevent the spread of disease and prevent the spread of disease, people make the following recommendations:
Personal hygiene, environmental sanitation
Wash your hands with soap before eating and after using the toilet.
Each family has a hygienic latrine, prohibiting indiscriminate defecation. For families with patients with acute diarrhea should sprinkle lime powder or chloramin B after each bowel movement.




Feces and waste of patients must be poured into latrines, powdered lime, chlorine B after each trip to disinfect.
Avoid crowded meals such as funerals, c.

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