Allergic Conjunctivitis

April, May, June and July are the peak months of allergic conjunctivitis because allergens such as pollen, grass, mold will reach the highest density in the environment. Besides, the temperature and humidity fluctuate sharply. All patients were terrified of the weather before the rain.
In hot and humid tropical countries like our country, the incidence of this disease is very high. In addition, up to 90% of patients will be accompanied by allergies in other organs such as rhinitis - allergic sinusitis, asthma, patients often have itchy eyes, runny nose, sneezing, shortness of breath

... Only 10% of 'luck' is an allergy to the eye

Clinical forms of allergic conjunctivitis include: seasonal conjunctivitis, spring conjunctivitis, myocarditis, giant papillary conjunctivitis.



The most common form of seasonal conjunctivitis and tends to progress to chronic, year-round conjunctivitis. Spring conjunctivitis is the most persistent and difficult to treat. Atopic conjunctivitis is associated with atopic dermatitis, while giant papillary inflammation occurs in contact lens wearers.
The special thing is allergic conjunctivitis or is accompanied by dry eyes. The pathological relationship between them is quite complicated, what is the cause, what is the controversial consequence. Therefore, the subjective manifestations of allergic conjunctivitis are diverse: transient blurred vision; dry feeling; trouble opening your eyes in the morning; see instability when wearing contact lenses; watery eyes, much rust; Itchy, irritated eyes; gritty feeling in the eyes; afraid of light. 80% of patients complain of unbearably itchy eyes, forced to rub or scratch

This is the key point in diagnosis.




Upon examination, eye doctors can detect mild to severe lesions depending on the clinical form, complications or not. Mild, edematous conjunctival or focal conjunctival erection, mainly the lower lashes, may have conjunctivitis. More severe is the whole edema of cartilage conjunctiva, with papillae inflammation.
Cornea may be marginal, vascular inflammation, sterile shield ulcer. Complications that cause vision loss are only due to scarring or corneal ulcers. But uncontrolled medication causes a multitude of eye hazards, sometimes incurable: corticosteroid glaucoma, cataracts, opportunistic infections, or combination.
Treatment of allergic conjunctivitis is based not only on medication but also on the overall, persistent, sometimes costly solution.
Environmental solutions: Avoid contact with allergens; Learn about geography about what allergens you live in, so stay indoors more during seasons with lots of allergens; Ability to see weather: the windy season causes allergens to make the disease stronger, the rainy season removes pollen, dirt can make the disease milder, do not get up too early because pollen has a very high density early in the day; Wearing eye protection, good personal hygiene, do not rub eyes, be careful when using chemicals, cosmetics; Clean the air, do not misuse contact glass.




Solution medicine: Medications help you live more comfortable with allergies, not solve the problem at the root. The majority of patients are satisfied with antihistamines and mastocyte membrane stabilization. Combined with all kinds of artificial tears, lubrication products for the surface of the eyeball are always the right choice for this disease, both for treating allergies and fighting dry eyes.
Products with corticosteroids should not be used continuously or for a long time, and should always be careful with their complications such as glaucoma, cataracts. Very few patients have to take systemic medications unless they are accompanied by sinusitis or asthma.
BS. Huanggang (Central Eye Hospital).

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