Amniotic Deficiency: Causes, Signs And Solutions

Amniotic amniotic disease during pregnancy is one of the probable events, when amniotic fluid volume measured below 250ml or when ultrasound concluded that amniotic fluid index measured in four amniotic fluid compartments was less than 5cm in the last 3 months. period.
The role of amniotic fluid
Amniotic fluid is a nutrient-rich environment capable of regenerating and exchanging, playing an important role for fetal life and development in the womb.
In the early stage of the fetus, they work to nourish the embryo, balance the internal and extracellular fluid, as the fetus grows, the amniotic fluid protects the fetus, preventing collisions, trauma, infection, helping the fetus to develop. harmonize, adjust the fetus

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When the fetus enters labor, the amniotic fluid helps the cervix to open well and help the fetus to open easily thanks to the lubrication of the vaginal wall in the amniotic fluid. Amniotic fluid appears from day 12 after conception.
Normal amniotic fluid volume of about 30ml in 10 weeks gestation, 1,000ml in 34-36 weeks gestation, 800ml in 40 weeks gestation .



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The cause of amniotic fluid
Origin of amniotic fluid from the amniotic fluid, fetus and the mother's body. Once abnormal factors from one of the above three sources result in an effect on amniotic fluid.
Infections of the amniotic fluid and fetus cause amniotic fluid, especially due to aplastic fetus in the urinary system causing premature amniotic fluid.
The causes of slowing fetal growth such as mothers with comorbidities, smokers, malnourished mothers, poor diet .. are the causes of chronic hypoxia in the fetus causing circulatory insufficiency.



The placenta, which reduces the blood supply through the fetus's kidneys and lungs, will lead to the fetus having amniotic fluid.
The average incidence of amniotic fluid is from 3.9 to 5.6%, which accounts for the high prevalence common in the last 3 months of pregnancy. About 30% cannot find the cause of amniotic fluid.
Signs of amniotic deficiency
Manifestations of amniotic deficiencies are often poor, the feeling of the mothers monitoring that the fetus reduces movement, that the abdomen is not large.
When measuring the height of the uterus shows a slow increase, the feeling of the fetal part is close to the abdomen when palpating. When the fetal ultrasound clearly identifies amniotic fluid, by amniotic index when measuring four amniotic chambers on the uterus of the mother's abdomen, less than 6cm onwards, the normal amniotic fluid can be measured from 8 - 20cm, at gestational age from 35 - 40 weeks.




The level of amniotic fluid has 3 levels:
Minimum amniotic fluid average when amniotic index measures 5 - 7cm
Severe amniotic fluid, measured index of 3 - 5cm
Ending amniotic fluid when the index is <3cm When an ultrasound identifies amniotic deficiency, further investigations of the fetal abnormalities, as well as placental and umbilical cord status, are required. When assessing amniotic deficiency in each pregnancy period, it is closely related to the prognostic ability of the fetus: amniotic fluid in the first 3 months of pregnancy risk of miscarriage 65-80%, amniotic fluid in the middle 3 months The risk of birth defects is high, with amniotic fluid in the last 3 months of pregnancy, the possibility that the fetus is malnourished and the comorbidities of the mother are common, sometimes it is not possible to find the cause of amniotic fluid at this stage. Treatment of amniotic deficiency Depending on the stage of the fetus, we have the direction of treating amniotic fluid. Amniotic fluid in the first trimester: moderate and severe cases have a high possibility of fetal pathology, embryonic eggs and severe maternal disease. Need to determine the cause, can terminate the pregnancy once the cause is detected from the mother or embryo, then need to treat the cause thoroughly, especially the pathology from the mother. Amniotic fluid in the second trimester: need to identify the cause of amniotic fluid, especially fetal urinary tract aplasia or serious birth defects that can end pregnancy, once confirmed specify the risk of multiple malformations and severity. Amniotic fluid in the last 3 months of pregnancy: lying down, drinking plenty of water every day on average 3 liters of mineral water or hospitalization for intravenous flow to increase blood flow. Non-stress test, ultrasound tests measure amniotic index 1-2 times / week until delivery.


Give corticosteroids at 34 weeks of gestation onwards. Termination of pregnancy at 37 weeks or pregnancy screening tests are not guaranteed.
How to prevent amniotic fluid deficiency
The best way for mothers before pregnancy, need to completely cure or stabilize medical conditions, then get pregnant. Periodic antenatal check-ups strictly follow the instructions of the obstetrician, for early detection and prompt treatment of uncertainties that may occur during pregnancy.
Make a habit of drinking plenty of water a day on average 2 liters / day like mineral water, fruit juice. This is a measure to prevent amniotic fluid in the form of little or no amniotic fluid, especially in the last 3 months. Combining full nutrition every day..

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