Causes Of Acute Headache

Headache is a very common symptom, can be combined with other symptoms such as dizziness, nausea and vomiting, consciousness disorders, hemiplegia or cranial nerve palsy ...
Symptoms of headache due to many causes, are divided into two forms: acute and chronic. People often experience severe or prolonged headache when they see a doctor, leading to serious illness that is difficult to recover or die if not treated promptly, especially acute headache caused by diseases

. Brain.

Acute headaches are mostly caused by nerve damage, with the exception of the angle-closure Glaucom (celestial system) and exacerbation of hypertension. The nerve damage includes:
Cerebrovascular bleeding and meningeal bleeding: Causes of meningeal / cerebrovascular bleeding include arterial hypertension, powdered vascular disease, cerebrovascular rupture (cerebral aneurysm, cerebral aneurysm - , hang venous tumor) brain tumor, coagulation disorder, anticoagulant medication

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The disease usually comes on suddenly with symptoms of severe headache, vomiting, consciousness disorder, hematuria showing signs of meningitis (stiff neck, kernig (+), focal neurological signs (hemiplegia, lesions) cranial nerves ...).
Computerized tomography or cranial magnetic resonance imaging shows bleeding in the brain or ventricular parenchyma or subarachnoid space.

If meningeal bleeding is suspected and the brain scan is normal, the diagnosis should be based on puncture of CSF with blood to prevent clotting

Brain abscess: The patient presents with headache, nausea, vomiting, may have consciousness disorders or seizures, accompanied by signs of infection (high fever, chills, dry lips, dirty tongue) and signs focal neurological signs (paralysis or numbness in the body .



..), positive meningeal signs (stiff neck, positive Kernig).
When suspected brain abscess, it is necessary to look for primary foci of infection such as skin infection, maxillofacial region, infectious endocarditis, bronchiectasis ...
Diagnosis based on computerized tomography or cranial magnetic resonance imaging shows that the drive image reduces the apparent boundary density, has a ring shape, surrounding brain edema, mass effect, contrast dye absorption abscess area .
Acute meningitis (purulent meningitis, viral meningitis): The patient has a severe headache accompanied by fever, stiff neck.




Diagnosis is based on puncture of cerebrospinal fluid. In the case of purulent meningitis, the cerebrospinal fluid is cloudy like rice water or ignored as washing water, the pressure increases.
Biochemical tests and cerebrospinal fluid cells showed increased protein and cells (mainly neutrophil cells), sugar decreased significantly (even traces), salts decreased slightly. It is necessary to do a Pap test or culture and to make antibiotics.
For viral meningitis, cerebrospinal fluid, increased pressure, normal protein, sugar and normal salts, cell proliferation is predominantly lymphoid.

Thrombophlebitis: Usually occurs after postpartum thrombophlebitis or from an infection in the sinuses, maxillofacial region.
Common locations are cavernous sinus cavities (paralysis III, IV, VI, V1, bulging eyes, swelling of the orbital area and sclera); Upper venous sinuses; lateral sinus.
Nowadays, cerebral venous sinusitis caused by bacterial infections tends to decrease, instead of blood clotting disorders.



Diagnosis is based on computerized tomography or brain magnetic resonance imaging, coagulation test.
Horton disease (more common in European countries): The disease is common in patients over 50 years old, with acute headache and progressive progression. The disease causes complications of blindness due to central retinal thrombosis and its branches.
The patient appears to have pain in the temples one or both sides (sometimes the location is not atypical like in the occipital region).
Increased nocturnal pain causes insomnia, weight loss, and fever, can reduce or decrease vision in one or both sides.
Palpation of the temporal arteries shows stiffness, no beating, pain, increased local temperature, necrosis of the scalp, or the tip of the tongue. High blood sediment test. Temporal artery biopsy shows inflammation of each drive, segment.



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