Information From A To Z About Pseudomembranous Colitis

Pseudomembranous colitis causes painful sensations for patients, if not treated promptly will cause many dangerous complications such as rupture of the colon, peritonitis ...
What is pseudomembranous colitis?
Pseudomembranous colitis, also known as Clostridioides difficile colitis, is a disease associated with an overabundance of C. difficile or C

. diff bacteria that can cause symptoms from diarrhea to inflammation of the colon. colon.
Symptoms of pseudomembranous colitis
Some people carry C difficile in their intestines but never get sick, though it is still rarely possible to infect.



Signs and symptoms usually develop within five to 10 days after the start of a course of antibiotic treatment, but can occur as soon as the first day or up to two months later.
Pseudomembranous colitis causes diarrhea that is difficult to control
Infections mild to moderate
The most common signs and symptoms of mild to moderate C. difficile infection are:
Watery diarrhea three or more times a day for two or more days
Abdominal cramps and pain
Severe infection
People with severe C. difficile infection tend to be dehydrated and may require hospitalization. C. difficile can make the colon inflamed and sometimes form plaques of raw tissue that may bleed or form pus.
Severe infection
Signs and symptoms of a serious infection include:
Watery diarrhea 10 to 15 times a day
Cramping and pain, which can be serious
Fast heart beat
Fever
Blood or pus in the stool
Nausea
Dehydration
Loss of appetite
Weight loss
Abdominal swelling
CKD
The number of white blood cells increased
Severe C difficile infection can also cause severe enteritis, enlarged colon (also known as toxic megacolon) and sepsis.



People with these conditions are usually admitted to the intensive care unit.
When patients need to go to the hospital
Some people have loose stools during or right after antibiotic treatment. This can be caused by C. difficile infection.
Severe abdominal pain is a manifestation of pseudomembranous colitis
See your doctor if you have the following symptoms:
Defecation more than 3 times a day, loose stools
Symptoms last more than 2 days
Fever
Severe abdominal pain or cramps
Blood in stool
Causes of pseudomembranous colitis
Some of the main causes of pseudomembranous colitis include:
Use antibiotics
Under normal conditions, there are many types of bacteria in the colon, they exist together in a balanced and natural way. However, using too much antibiotics can make the balance between the bacteria lose.
Pseudomembranous colitis occurs when harmful bacteria overwhelm good bacteria, particularly harmful bacteria, usually C. difficile, will grow too quickly, increasing significantly.



C. difficile bacteria produce higher levels of toxins that damage the colon.
Any antibiotic may be a risk factor for pseudomembranous colitis, but in reality the following antibiotics will be more closely related to the disease, namely:
Fluoroquinolone, such as ciprofloxacin (Cipro) and levofloxacin.
Penicillin, such as amoxicillin and ampicillin.
Clindamycin (Cleocin)
Cephalosporins, such as cefixime (Suprax).
Chemotherapy, cancer treatment
In addition to antibiotics, the use of chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer is also the cause of an imbalance of bacteria in the intestinal tract.
Due to pathology
People with a history of diseases such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease may also have conjunctivitis.
Ulcerative colitis can cause pseudomembranous colitis
People at high risk of pseudomembranous colitis
Using antibiotics that work against certain types of bacteria (broad-spectrum antibiotics) or several different types of antibiotics at the same time or those that use long-term antibiotics
Must stay in a health care environment, such as a hospital or nursing home, for a long time
Advanced age, over 65 years old
History of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), cancer or kidney disease
People with weakened immune systems, diabetes or the side effects of treatment such as chemotherapy or steroid medicine
Taking a drug called proton pump inhibitor (PPI) to reduce the amount of stomach acid they produce
Have surgery on their digestive system
Women are more likely to get C.



difficile than men
Complications of pseudomembranous colitis
Complications of C. difficile infection include:
Dehydration
Severe diarrhea can lead to dehydration and electrolytes. This makes it difficult for your body to function normally and can cause dangerously low blood pressure.
CKD
In some cases, dehydration can occur so quickly that kidney function rapidly declines (kidney failure).
Poisoned colonic
In this rare condition, your colon cannot expel gas and stool, making it very uncomfortable (megacolon). If left untreated, your colon may burst, causing bacteria from the colon to enter the abdominal cavity. If the colon is enlarged or broken, emergency surgery is required as a result of t.

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