Information To Know About Liver Fluke And How To Prevent It

Fascioliasis is a chronic and common disease in Vietnam. In recent years, fasciolosis has occurred in 45 provinces and cities across the country with the number of cases constantly increasing. People need to understand the cause of the disease and the way it spreads so that the spread of infection can be controlled and the authorities can gradually push the disease out of the community.
Flukes, classification of liver fluke
The liver fluke is a parasite shaped like a leaf and has a flat body, which is classified as hermaphrodite because it has both male and female genitalia. They exist in the bile ducts and liver of infected people or animals

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Liver fluke has 2 types: small liver fluke and big liver fluke. Both types have the same shape, only differ in size.
Small liver flukes: There are intermediate hosts of snails, freshwater fish and exist mainly in the human body
Large liver fluke: Usually exists mainly in herbivores such as buffaloes, cows, goats, sheep, etc.



Humans are infected with large liver fluke due to ingest of contaminated vegetables and aquatic plants. containing tapeworms such as: Morning glory, celery, ...
Illustration of liver fluke
Life cycle and transmission route of liver fluke
The life cycle of liver fluke is quite complicated. Flukes of the liver parasitize in the liver, bile of humans or herbivores such as: Buffaloes, cows, goats, sheep, etc. Adult flukes lay eggs, the eggs of the liver fluke will follow the bile ducts down the intestines and out in the stool
Eggs in the water, hatch into hairy larvae and parasites in snails.



From the intermediate host, the snail, the hairy larvae of the liver fluke will develop into tail larvae. After that, the tail larvae leave the snail, cling to vegetables that grow in the water to breed or swim freely in the water.
Humans or animals that eat aquatic plants or drink water containing liver fluke larvae will become infected with liver fluke.
Symptoms of liver fluke disease
Incubation period
At the stage of incubation of liver fluke disease, it is difficult to detect the apparent symptoms because it depends on the number of larvae ingested. For small liver fluke infection, infection of more than 100 new flukes appears clear. For large flukes, during this time it is difficult to determine the exact symptoms.
Period of transmission
Because the liver fluke parasites and lays eggs in the liver, bile can cause people who have the following symptoms:
Abdominal pain: Abdominal cramping occurs when the liver fluke moves from the intestine to the liver, goes through the liver, or into the bile ducts, clogging the bile ducts;
Jaundice, pale, pale skin: Flukes of the liver are parasitic in the liver, bile, causing obstruction and infection of the liver and bile ducts. This is manifested by yellow or pale, pale skin.



In addition, in some patients infected with liver fluke, due to vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia also leads to the skin is pale, pale;
Irritability, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea: This is a result of a blocked bile duct. This symptom may last for weeks or months depending on the severity of the infection.
Weight loss: The infection of liver fluke causes anorexia, loss of appetite, so it is easy to lose weight if the patient has liver fluke for a long time;
Rash: This is a fairly common symptom in the early stages when liver fluke enters the liver. Itchy rashes appear because the body's immune system responds to an infection caused by liver fluke on the liver;
Fever: A blockage in the bile ducts can cause infection and make a person sick.
Fever is a manifestation of liver fluke infection
Method to detect liver fluke
There are 3 methods to detect liver fluke:
Immunological diagnostic blood test: Mainly by ELISA technique. If the patient has a liver fluke or has had an eye for a fluke, the body will produce antibodies against the liver fluke in the serum and will test positive.
Stool or bile examination for liver fluke eggs: This is a reference method because the detection rate of eggs is very low, requires stool testing for 3 consecutive days and may need to be combined with Other diagnostic methods to give the most accurate results.
Diagnostic methods such as: CT scan, MRI, liver ultrasound: If the patient has liver fluke, when performing CT, MRI or abdominal ultrasound, the doctor will detect the mixed sound.



honeycomb image or thick liver image corresponding to the lesion site or image of the liver under the liver.
How to treat liver fluke?
Depending on the situation, the degree of infection of the patient that the doctor will recommend appropriate treatment regimen. However, in order for the treatment process to be most effective, the treatment time is shortened and the patient's health is restored quickly, patients need to pay attention to the abnormalities of the body.
If there are symptoms of liver fluke infection, the patient should go to the hospital for an examination as soon as possible. Prolonged illness will lead to obstruction of bile duct, liver infection ... making the treatment process difficult.




Some medicines and treatments for liver fluke:
Triclabendazole or Praziquantel
Triclabendazole is used to treat small liver fluke. For.

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