Overview Of Colon Cancer

Colon cancer is currently ranked 3rd in the world and 5th in Vietnam in terms of prevalence of the disease. Therefore, it is very dangerous and needs to be prevented and treated early to protect each person's health.
What is colon cancer?
The colon, also known as the large intestine, is the last segment of the digestive system, the task of the colon is to receive and excrete undigested food (stool). The most common cancer occurs in the colon with 25%. The following article will provide some basics about colon cancer that you need to know

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Colon cancer is the abnormal growth of cells that are able to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Colon cancer also known as colon cancer or colon cancer is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum (parts of the large intestine). Colon cancer usually starts from polyps formed in the large intestine and rectum, over time, these polyps can progress to cancer
Stages of colon cancer
Stage 1: This stage shows that the cancer appears in the inner layer of the colon, it has not spread to the lymphatic system.




Colon cancer is a serious disease that can be life threatening
Stage 2: The disease progresses a bit more than stage 1 and has grown beyond the mucosa and submucosa of the colon. Stage 2 colon cancer is classified into stages 2A, 2B and 2C.
Stage 2A: Cancer cells have advanced to the areas that form the colon.
Stage 2B: Cancer cells grow to the outer layer of the colon to the mucosa surrounding the abdominal cavity.
Stage 2C: Cancer cells have grown to nearby organs or structures.
Stage 3: Cancer cells enter the lymphatic system, which can also spread further into the intestinal wall.
Stage 4: Cancer cells have invaded other organs of the body such as liver, lung, bone .



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The cause of colon cancer
Family history: If someone in your family has colon cancer, your risk of developing it is higher, because the cancer is inherited at a rate of 3-5%. Or you may have a relapse because you've had this disease before.
Bowel diseases: People with diseases such as chronic ulcerative colitis, colon polyps, and crohn's disease (a type of inflammatory bowel disease) are more likely to get colon cancer.
Wrong diet: Eating a lot of fermented salts like pickles, tomatoes, salted figs, kimchi, or buffalo, cow, goat, sheep and fast foods such as sausages, hamburgers, or drinks sugary like soda, cocacola, sting ...
Obesity: Obese people are at a higher risk of colon cancer and death than people with normal weight.




Smoking and drinking: Tobacco and alcohol cause various chemical and physical changes in the body that make people more likely to get cancer.
Age: The higher the age, the higher the risk of colon cancer.
Manifestations of colon cancer
Abdominal pain: People with colon cancer have unusual abdominal pain when they are intense, so people are easily confused with the expression of digestive disorders or stomach pain ...
Defecation has problems:
Bleeding: when defecation mixed with blood is a common manifestation of colon cancer.
Fragmentation: is caused by the formation and development of polyps that form an obstacle, during the excretion of waste that must pass through these polyps, causing them to deform into a flat and smaller shape than normal. This is also a sign of colon cancer.




The habit of bowel changes: the number of bowel movements of people with colon will be more, the more severe the disease, the more the number of bowel movements.
Persistent digestive disorders: Flatulence is a typical symptom of digestive disorders, patients often feel like eating, fullness, lumbering, indigestion, belching. This is also a sign of colon cancer.
Unusual weight loss: Cancer of the colon or other parts of the digestive system will cause the body of the patient to suddenly lose weight, thin.
Anal pain: Colon cancer is a very dangerous complication caused by anal pain, the tumor grows bigger, causing the anal sphincter to overload and weaken, causing pain.
Fatigue and asthenia: Bloody bowel movement, prolonged digestive disorders, anorexia, abnormal weight loss, abdominal pain, anal pain are the main causes of fatigue and weakness.
Methods for diagnosing colon cancer
To diagnose colon cancer correctly, you need to perform several methods such as:
Blood tests to identify the cancer marker CEA
CEA test to detect whether the tumor has invaded or metastasized to other parts of the body. The CEA test is used for 3 purposes: cancer screening, monitoring of metastatic recurrence, monitoring of treatment effectiveness.




Stool for blood test
Looking for signs of blood in the stool is not the most accurate test for the diagnosis of colon cancer. However, the bleeding should be checked, consult your doctor about combining with other tests to diagnose.
colonoscopy
This method is used to screen and monitor patients with cancer.

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