Preventing Measles, Mumps And Rubella With Vaccine
Mumps and Rubella are two illnesses that occur at the same time as measles. The best measure to prevent is vaccination.
Mumps is an infectious disease caused by a virus. Sometimes it is also called parotid salivary gland inflammation. Mumps is common in teenagers, ages 5-9 years
Mumps virus is everywhere.
Mumps is spread through air droplets when an infected person sneezes or coughs and by direct contact with an infected carrier.
Signs and symptoms of the disease
Mumps
About one-third of children infected with the mumps virus have no symptoms. Symptoms usually appear from the 14th to the 21st day after infection. Swelling of the salivary glands below and in front of the ears is another symptom including pain when chewing or swallowing, fever, fatigue, and swollen and painful testicles.
People with mumps can infect others between 6 days before and 9 days after they show signs of parotid gland swelling. Complications of mumps are uncommon but can be serious: In men, young men with testicular inflammation may have 1 or 2 sides, which can cause infertility. Encephalitis, meningitis and deafness are rare but can occur at any age
Once recovered, the patient has specific lifelong immunity.
Mumps prevention: Mumps vaccine is safe and effective.
Rubella disease and congenital rubella syndrome
Rubella is an infectious disease caused by a virus. Congenital rubella syndrome is an important cause of severe birth defects. When a woman is infected with Rubella virus early in the first 3 months of pregnancy, up to 90% of mothers can pass the virus to the fetus. The consequences of fetal death or possible congenital rubella syndrome.
If the baby is infected only slightly mild Rubella, then in infants with congenital rubella syndrome will suffer severe malformations. In addition to deafness, a common malformation, congenital rubella syndrome also has defects in the eyes, heart and brain.
It is estimated that every year, 700,000 children in the world die from congenital rubella syndrome.
Rubella is spread by airborne saliva droplets when an infected person sneezes or coughs. The infected person becomes a source of infection 5-7 days after the virus enters the mother's body, if the patient is a pregnant woman during this time it can transmit the virus to the fetus.
People infected with the virus are most likely to spread during the rash. However, the virus can be transmitted about 7 days before and after the rash. Babies with congenital rubella syndrome can spread the virus for a period of one year or more.
- Signs and symptoms of the disease
The initial incubation period is about 14 days. Symptoms are usually mild, so about 20 - 50% of people who do not pay attention until the rash appears.
In children, the rash is usually the first sign, other signs include mild fever and swollen glands in the neck. The rash usually appears on the face and spreads to the feet. The duration of the rash usually lasts about 3 days. Rubella rash is usually thicker and paler than measles. Many other diseases have a rash similar to Rubella so should not be considered a sure sign of infection with the Rubella virus.
Babies with congenital rubella syndrome often have signs such as cataracts and hearing loss but can only notice it 2 to 4 years later. Complications tend to occur in adults rather than children. About 70% of infected women may experience pain or arthritis especially in fingers, wrists and knees.
Encephalitis occurs in about 1/5000 cases and is most common in women. Hemorrhage occurs in about 1/3000 cases in children. Complications of congenital rubella syndrome include deafness, cataracts, heart disease and mental retardation.
- Treatment of rubella
There is no specific treatment for Rubella and congenital Rubella syndrome. Patients need to drink plenty of fluids and antipyretics. Children with congenital rubella syndrome need treatment for complications caused by the disease.
- Prevention of Rubella
Rubella vaccine is safe and effective, when used in children, often combined with measles and mumps vaccines. In some countries developed Rubella disease has almost been excluded by immunization programs for children.
However, it is important to ensure that immunization rates for children above 80% are maintained and maintained in order to avoid the spread of Rubella to older children.
To prevent congenital rubella syndrome, women of childbearing age are the first candidates for the Rubella vaccine. Vaccination for women aged 15 - 40 years will reduce the incidence of congenital Rubella syndrome without the transmission of Rubella virus to older children.
Vaccination against measles - Rubella - mumps
Measles vaccine - Rubella (MR) and measles - mumps vaccine - Rubella (MMR). These are the combined measles and rubella (MR) vaccines to prevent measles and rubella; MMR vaccine for measles, mumps and rubella.
The MR and MMR vaccines are packed as freeze-dried with an aqueous reconstitution solvent. . Dịch vụ: Thiết kế website, quảng cáo google, đăng ký website bộ công thương uy tín
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