Risk Of Blindness Due To Diabetes

Decreased or loss of vision, though not fatal, affects greatly the quality of life and working capacity of the patient.
Diabetic retinopathy:
- High blood sugar causes damage, destroys capillaries in the fundus, affects the permeability of these capillaries, resulting in the fluid released from the lumen, causing bleeding and edema.
- The capillaries themselves are destroyed and clogged causing anemia in the retina, then the body will react to generate a number of factors that stimulate the formation of new capillaries that thrive both in the back room ( glass compartment).
- These new blood vessels are very fragile and often cause heavy bleeding from an early stage that translates the vitreous. New blood vessels also cause fibrous scars in the retina, and during scarring, they can shrink, causing retinal detachment and permanent vision loss

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- Consequences of macular edema, cataract, retinal detachment .. causing impaired vision or loss of the ability to receive light signals, clinical manifestations of vision loss or complete visual loss.




- Depending on the degree of damage to the blood vessels in the retina, it is divided into retinopathy in patients with diabetes in two early stages: retinopathy without proliferation (new blood vessels) and late retinopathy Proliferative hyperplasia (new capillaries are available).
- It is especially dangerous that most people with diabetes do not experience any eye symptoms until suddenly they lose their sight. At that time, even though treatment is very active and expensive, the ability to preserve vision is very small, most patients will be permanently blind.
- Therefore, diabetics need to have regular eye exams, preferably every 6 months and be examined by an eye specialist.
Glaucoma disease:
- People with diabetes are 1.4 times more likely to suffer from celestial dysfunction, this risk will increase in patients who are old and have long diabetes.
- Celestial constipation in one or both eyes occurs when the pressure in the eye increases and in most cases, the vitreous fluid will be drained out
High pressure puts pressure on blood vessels that feed the retina and optic nerve (nerve number I), resulting in damage to the retina and nerves causing vision loss.




- Patients with celestial dysfunction often have many symptoms of headache, especially severe pain in the eye sockets, intraocular pressure is often very high.
Cataract:
- Cataracts are a common disease in people without diabetes, especially in the elderly.
- However, people with diabetes are 1.6 times more likely to develop cataracts and cataracts appear at a younger age.
Cataracts sometimes occur in young type 1 diabetics and progress quickly, usually after a period of poor blood sugar control.
- Severe cataracts will prevent light from passing through, causing impaired vision, and also make it difficult to detect and detect retinopathy in diabetic patients because it is difficult to observe the fundus and back room.
How to avoid complications?
- First and foremost, always keep a patient's blood sugar in a safe area.
- Need to control your blood pressure regularly at <130 / 80mmHg.



- Quitting smoking habit.
- Need to see an eye doctor regularly, at least 1 time per year and see an eye specialist immediately if you see one or more of the following signs: blurred vision, difficulty reading books, double vision, pain 1 or Both eyes, red eyes or tight eyes, see images of flies, do not see clearly to the sides but normally you can still see and when you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, you need to have a full health examination. area that includes visual inspection..

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