What Is Rectal Polyps? Causes And Treatments

Rectal polyps are a common problem in adults, especially for the elderly. If there is no early cure for polyps to increase in numbers will lead to a high risk of cancer.
What is rectal polyps?
Rectal polyps are bulging tumors located in the wall of the intestine or in the lumen of the rectum.
Most rectal polyps are benign if they are small, but if they grow large, they become malignant, increasing the risk of cancer.
Causes of rectal polyps formation
Healthy cells in the body grow and divide in an orderly manner

. However, mutations in certain genes can cause cells to continue dividing new cells when they are not needed. Therefore, this uncontrolled growth can cause polyps to form in the rectum.
Factors that increase the likelihood of rectal polyps forming
In addition to the main cause of rectal polyps, there are other risk factors that increase the likelihood of disease occurrence As follows:
Age 50 and over
Family history of polyps or colon cancer
A rare genetic gene makes people more likely to develop polyps
Have ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease
High-fat, low-fiber diet
Use tobacco and alcohol
Little exercise or no exercise
Body obesity
A high-fat diet is not responsible for the formation of rectal polyps
Symptoms of rectal polyps
Bloody bowel movements: Fresh blood: This is the easiest sign to detect, when outside, the patient will see blood covering the faecal surface, the stool is molded and not mixed with blood.




Stomach polyps prolapse (rectal prolapse): If the rectal polyp has a long stalk, it may fall out of the anus causing discomfort.
Rectal examination revealed: On rectal examination, the mucosal surface of the round gland polyps was shiny, shiny and broccoli-shaped.
Painful anal pain: If a burning pain in the anus develops, bloody mucus along with mucus is likely to become inflamed rectal polyps, which should be examined immediately rectally.
Is rectal polyps dangerous?
There is a high risk of colorectal cancer: Polyps are mostly benign, but if the polyps increase in size and size, they will lead to a higher risk of colorectal cancer.
Pain when passing stool, blood in stool: When rectal polyps are late, the patient will experience discomfort, sharp pain in the anus when going out, even diarrhea, abdominal cramps.
Rectal cancer is the most dangerous complication of rectal polyps
How to treat rectal polyps
Diagnostic method
To be able to diagnose rectal polyps, your doctor will perform a stool test by looking for hidden blood in the stool or DNA testing to screen for polyps and rectal cancer.
Contrast-enhanced x-rays are also used to diagnose rectal polyps, which can detect polyps or rectal tumors, the downside is that it's easy to miss small polyps
Computerized tomography (CT-scanner) is also included to diagnose the disease.




But the above methods still have mistakes. Therefore, the most accurate method of detecting polyps, colorectal tumors and possibly biopsies to identify benign or malignant tumors is the rectal colonoscopy.
When the colonoscopy detects polyps, the doctor will perform a full endoscopy inside the colon to check. The complete test will help detect more polyps because the patient will usually have more than one polyp and any polyp will also have the potential to cause cancer.
A colonoscopy also helps a doctor perform a biopsy by taking a sample of tissue to observe and examine under a microscope to look for cancer cells when a patient is suspected to have rectal cancer.
Treatments
Removing polyps from the large intestine and rectum is the most recommended treatment because these tumors can lead to cancer.
Stem polyps will be removed during rectal colonoscopy using a scalpel or scalpel.
If the polyps do not have a stem or cannot be removed during the colonoscopy, the surgeon will perform the surgery.




Where polyps develop into cancer, the treatment will depend on the spread of the cancer. To determine the extent of spread, the polyp will be examined under the microscope. If the cancer has invaded the polyp stem, the affected colon will need to remove the malignant polyps, remove the colon with polyps with cancer cells and transplant the rectum together with the small intestine. This is a very common method because it can remove rectal polyps.
Once the rectum has been removed, the surgeon will need to have surgery to make an opening in the small intestine that goes out of the wall of the opening (opening the ileum or artificial anus) to help the patient to defecate. The waste is passed through an opening and then into a disposable bag.
There are currently a number of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that are in the process of verifying their ability to kill masses.

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